Which infection is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and presents with a sore throat and grayish pseudomembrane?

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the bacterium responsible for diphtheria, which characteristically presents with symptoms such as a sore throat and the formation of a grayish pseudomembrane in the throat. This pseudomembrane is a thick layer of dead cells, bacteria, and inflammatory substances that can cover the pharynx and tonsils, potentially leading to respiratory obstruction if it becomes severe.

Diphtheria is a serious infection that can also cause systemic complications like myocarditis and neuritis. The distinctive pseudomembrane is a classic clinical finding that helps distinguish it from other throat infections. Other conditions that may cause a sore throat, such as streptococcal pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and mononucleosis, do not typically present with this specific grayish pseudomembrane. Instead, these infections might show other signs, such as exudative tonsillitis or specific lymphadenopathy, but they lack the hallmark feature of diphtheria. Thus, recognizing the unique presentation of diphtheria is crucial in diagnosing and managing this potentially life-threatening infection.