Which dietary factors are known to increase the risk for nephrolithiasis?

Nephrolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, can be influenced by various dietary factors. High sodium intake is one of the well-established dietary risk factors for developing kidney stones. When sodium intake is elevated, it can lead to increased calcium excretion in the urine, a key contributor to the formation of calcium-based stones.

Obesity also plays a significant role in the development of nephrolithiasis. Research has shown that obesity is associated with an increased risk of kidney stone formation. This is believed to be due to a combination of factors including altered metabolic profiles and increased urinary excretion of substances that promote stone formation.

In contrast, low fluid intake is a significant risk factor as it leads to concentrated urine, while high potassium intake is generally associated with beneficial effects for stone prevention. Additionally, high fiber intake and low sodium intake are typically protective factors rather than risk factors for kidney stones. Overall, the combination of high sodium intake and obesity provides a clear risk for nephrolithiasis, making it the correct answer.