What condition is indicated for the placement of an IVC filter as an alternative treatment?

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The placement of an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is indicated primarily for the prevention of pulmonary embolism in patients who have contraindications for anticoagulation or who have recurrent venous thromboembolism despite adequate anticoagulation. In the context of active internal bleeding, anticoagulation therapy is often contraindicated due to the risk of exacerbating the hemorrhagic condition. Therefore, an IVC filter serves as an alternative treatment by mechanically preventing blood clots from traveling to the lungs and causing a pulmonary embolism while avoiding the risks associated with anticoagulant medications.

In contrast, pulmonary embolism itself typically necessitates treatment with anticoagulation rather than an IVC filter unless there are specific contraindications. Chronic pulmonary hypertension is a separate cardiovascular condition and does not relate to the prevention of clot migration in the manner that an IVC filter would be used for acute thromboembolic complications. Severe asthma exacerbation pertains to respiratory issues and does not involve the same considerations for venous thromboembolism and the need for IVC placement. The use of an IVC filter is focused on mitigating the risk of pulmonary embolism while managing the safety concerns associated with anticoagulants in the setting of active bleeding.

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